Post Processing of Trace File using grep and Excel

I always use grep command to filter out the required information from the MIRAI-SF network simulator . User of ns-2 network simulator also able to use grep command to filter their trace file. For example, the syntax command is:

grep ["keyword to filter"] [source file] > [destination file]
e.g. grep "UDP" source.out >> destination.tr

After that, launch your Microsoft Excel and open the destination file that your previously have run with grep command. Usually the information in column for ns-2 network simulator trace file is separated by space. MIRAI-SF network simulator log file is separated by comma. Text Import Wizard in Microsoft Excel will be launch automatically. In step 1 of 3 window, tab limited radio button is chosen by default and click the Next button to proceed. Now you can use the delimiters option depends on how your information is separated. For example, MIRAI-SF user will choose space option . Then click Finish button.

Now, you able to plot a graph using Microsoft Excel. Alternatively, you can use gnuplot or xgraph which requires some knowledge in their syntax command. ns-2 user can opt to use NANS to view their simulation quickly.

Traffic Class field IPv6 packet

According RFC 2460, the 8-bit Traffic Class field in the IPv6 header can be for identifying different classes or priorites of IPv6 packets. This is similat to Type of Service (TOS) in IPv4 packet.

Mirai-SF network simulator has all the source code which defined the IPv6 packet, routing of IPv6 in router and IPv6 layer which can handles protocol messages from above and below layers.

I have some trouble in extracting the traffic class information from the IPv6 packets. May be, I just dont know how to use to method to extract the information that I want.

private byte packet[];

packet = new byte[40];

The initial values are:
packet[0]=0;
packet[1]=0;

Is this true?

10:30 pm. Still no luck. I have browsed through source code which does the similar thing to extract the IPPacket from the Frame packet.

14:40 pm. Here is an update on Friday afternoon. I just received an email from the MIRAI-SF developer regarding the traffic field of the IPv6 packet. There is a bug in the source code which caused the value for traffic class does not remain when reached the destination node.

Evening of 18th Nov 2006, I found the tunnelling method which did not pass the Traffic Class information in the IPv6 packets. I will double check if this is correct.

MIRAI-SF UDP Trace does not include bit length information

Calculating throughput using the byte information in the MAC Layer 2 only produce the aggregated throughput of data packets and protocol message. The throughput Perl Script use to trace ns-2 network simulator trace file is modified so that it can process MIRAI-SF network simulator log file.

A reminder to myself,I have to modify the traceUDP method in MIRAI-SF TraceLog class so it can include byte information. I was wandering why the developer left this out. The developer did made the TCP trace to include the bit length information. NS-2 trace also include the bit length of data payload which is called packet length. Perhaps, I can calculate the end-to-end to delay using the modified AWK script.

note: It is ok to measure in frame because it reflects the utilization of the bandwidth.

How to Model a 3G Bandwidth

Oh Man, I'm so desperate! How to implement Bandwidth on Demand for 3G in this network simulator? Somebody out there? Any hints...

I have some rough idea how to code it. I have to create a simple admission control, congestion control, variables queues and a process method to simulate the packet scheduler on the downlink

Throughput Algorithm not from Trace File

I found a thread from Velocity Reviews, the author was trying to implement a method in JAVA programming language to calculate the UDP throughput while the simulation is running. The throughput is calculated when the simulation ends. This is not the same as calculating the throughput from ns-2 discrete event network simulator trace file. Click here to view the thread.

Right Shift Operator >>

In the last post, I mentioned about the left shift operator in Java. The right shift operator is to shift the binary to the right. A right shift for non-negative integer is similar to :

value >> 3 is equivalent to value / 2^3

For more information.Click here [source]

Left Shift Operator <<

Silly me, I did not realized that the code:-

size << 3 is actually similar to size*2^3 or size * 8

The size in bytes are converted to the number of bits. I solved the flaw when the VBR generic traffic source transmit higher than the defined maxrate parameter.

Next plan to code call admission into MIRAI-SF3.1 network simulator. So far I have not seen any free source code on the Internet. For the time being, I have to reviewed some literature on call admission to get the basic idea.

Perl Throughput Script

Throughput perl script can be use to calculate the througpuht from the ns-2 trace file.This perl script is available from NS Simulator Course for Beginners page. Click here.

ALternatively, ns-2 user has another option to analyze their ns-2 trace file quickly. Ankur Jain has written a Java program called Network Analyzer for Network Simulator ns-2 (NANS) to quickly analyze and view results in graph. Clik here to find out more.

AvgStats, Instant Jitter and Instant Throughput Awk Script

In the previous post, I mentioned I use instant Troughput awk script from Marco Fiore Website. The downloadable tar file includes avgStats.awk, instantThroughput.awk and instantJitter.awk to analyze your ns-2 trace file.

Click here to get your awk scripts.

Awk script to compute the average and standard deviation from NS Simulator Course for Beginners website. Click here.

Lloyd Wood made a simple awk script to calculate end-to-end delay.Click here.

User of discrete event network simulator ns-2 has another option to analyze their ns-2 trace file quickly. Ankur Jain has written a Java program called Network Analyzer for Network Simulator ns-2 (NANS) to quickly analyze and view results in graph. Clik here to find out more.

Mersenne Twister

MIRAI-SF3.1 network simulator does not include random generator class. The purpose of random generator because I need to find use the uniform distribution. I was translating the source code of Håkan Byström's VBR traffic model which is C++ to JAVA. A little adjustment have to be made so it can be integrate inside MIRAI-SF3.1 network simulator. Then, I found out that I need a code to generate the uniform distribution.

After some googling on the web, I found a website which offers a Free Java & JavaScript Source code. A random number generator which is I think based on Merseene Twister developed by by Makoto Matsumoto and Takuji Nishimura (alphabetical order) in 1996/1997.

Mersenne Twister(MT) is a pseudorandom number generating algorithm developped by Makoto Matsumoto and Takuji Nishimura (alphabetical order) in 1996/1997. An improvement on initialization was given on 2002 Jan.[source]

The random number generateor code is succefully integrated in to MIRAI-SF network simulator.

Instant Throughput Dilemma

After numerous compiling the code and observing the output, I think have achieve in calculating the instant throughput and hope it will be accurate enough. Instant throughput is the total number of bits divided the total time. The total time is the difference between the current packet time and the previous time. So why is throughput is important?

It is a good measure of the channel capacity of a communications link, and connections to the internet are usually rated in terms of their bitrate, how many bits they transmit per second (bit/s).[Wikipedia]

The idea of calculating the instant looks simple but I was having a hard time coding the method lol.I added two methods in MIRAI-SF3.1 network simulator's 3g base station subclass.

Instant Throughput method is based on an awk script that can be found at Marco Fiore website.

Here my Pseudocode:

instantThroughput method {

Calibrate tk if the currentpackettime > tk when the method is called for the first time.
Sum the total bytes of data being transmitted.
Sum the total by add the time different between the currentpackettime and previous packet time.
Check if the currentpackettime is larger or equal to time interval, if true then calculate the instant throughput, set the totalBytes and totalTime to zero.
Increase tk by adding interval constant value.
Set the currentpackettime to previouspackettime.

}

calibratetk method{
//check if the method is running for the first time, if true then set the first
//boolean flag to true and add the current tk to the current packet time and return //the tk value.

}

Sometimes, I noticed the currentpackettime is greater than tk when the method is called. The logical reason behind is that the base station does not transmit any packet all time. Instant throughput is calculated every
time the method is called until the tk becomes larger than then
currentpackettime(i.e. Every time instant throughput is calculated, tk is
increased, tk+=interval). To make sure that the current packet time is smaller than tk when the first transmission of packet. Thanks to Kentaro a MIRAI-SF developer from NICT for replying my email.

Now, how do i code a variable bit rate (VBR) application? Scratching my head again.

How to fold a shirt in Japan

Shirt folding is all the rave in japan

By the way, I'm lazy at folding my T-shirt but like to hang them straight away.

Riding the Superconducting Maglev Train - Linear Motor Car

Riding Japan's Superconducting Maglev "Linear Motor Car" Train at 502 kilometers/hour on a beautiful day at JR Railway Technical Research Institute's Yamanashi Maglev Test Line. This was shot with a JVC Everio GZ-MC500 3CCD hard disk drive camcorder. The length is 6 minutes and 11 seconds. Courtesy of Harvard Club of Japan and Central Japan Railway Company

Obfuscate

I came acrosss a new word Obsfuscate while reading Kathy Sierra's Book. Haha there is a note from the author asking the reader to look up the word and email back the author. It is on the page 296. I googled with the keyword "define obfuscate". One of the definition which definitely that I am looking is:

Obfuscated code is source code that is (perhaps intentionally) very hard to read and understand. Some languages are more prone to obfuscation than others. C, C++ and Perl are most often cited as easily obfuscatable languages. Macro preprocessors are often used to create hard to read code by masking the standard language syntax and grammar from the main body of code. The term shrouded code has also been used.

[Source]

Olympus

Olympus Mons or Nix Olympica is the tallest mountain in our solar system located at Planet Mars. Click to Google Mars Map

Olympus Mons (Latin, "Mount Olympus") is the tallest known mountain in our solar system, located on the planet Mars at approximately 18° N 133° W. Before space probes revealed its identity as a mountain, Olympus Mons was known to astronomers as the albedo feature, Nix Olympica ("Snows of Olympus").

It is about three times the height of Mount Everest from sea level and 2.6 times higher than Maune Kea which a dormant volcano locate the Hawaiian Island measured from the base. [Source]

Talking about Olympus, I saw advertisement on two latest Digital Camera from Olympus in theStar newspaper. FE-190 and FE-180 both priced at RM 899 and RM 599. I would love to have FE-190 because it has a sleek and slim metal constructed body measured at 0.7 inches. This six megapixels digital camera features Digital Image Stablization, 2.5 inches LCD screen, built-in help guide and comes with Li-Ion Rechargeable Battery.

Hahahaha, I still have problem in implementing the instant Throughput. Ok, instant throughput is total bits divided by interval time. This methods that I did was based on the instantThroughput.awk script obtained from the Internet. I ran the network simulation with one mobile node moving around but the throughput is constantly at 30 kbps. The funny thing is still at 30 kbps when there are many mobile node during the simulation. I think the reason why this is happening because of the constant packet size, data rate is constant due to the application is pumping a constant bit rate and no variable delay. The simpler reasons are bugs in the code or the person who wrote the code. That's me. haha

MIRAI-SF3.1 does not have any application that uses a bit rate parameter for its interval calculation but MIRAI-SF4.1 does have constant bit rate application. I just need to make a little adjustment to the source code and then integrate into MIRAI-SF3.1. In additon, I need create some applications that generate variable data rate using exponential and pareto distribution. I just need to take a look at NS-2 source code and enhanced the source code in MIRAI-SF3.1.

KingMax USB FLash

Have you ever experienced when your favourite USB thumb drive or flash drive failed? I have two thumb drives which are 64MB and 128MB. The 64MB carries an APACER brand which cost about RM 120 in 2003. Today, the prices for USB flash drive are getting cheaper. I apparently ‘stole’ the 128MB from my dad’s collection of USB drives.

Unfortunately, two days ago my dad’s KINGMAX USB drive just failed. The light indicator stops blinking and no matter how much I banged it against the surface of my desk and threw against the wall. The blue and black USB flash drive just stops working. All the important data are lost. I remembered when my room mate accidentally had his USB thumb drive wash in a washing machine. Luckily, the APACER USB flash drive stills work after he dismantled and dried.

So far I have some experience in using OMNET++, NS-2 and MIRAI-SF which is based on SSFnet network simulator. You can find more information on the simulators by using the google search. I just found out there is a commercial of OMNET++ called OMNEST.

Canon DigiCam

A digital cameral is another cool gadget on my wish list. I'm looking for a camera that is under RM 1000. Steves Digicams website reviewed Canon PowerShot A540 features six megapixels resolution and 4x optical zoom. CNET rated as 7.6 out of 10. There is a CNET Video review which you can watch and gauge how big the camera is. Canon Powershot A540 has optional accessories such as Underwater casing that you can purchased. It is priced at RM 888.


In the previous post, I did mentioned that I implementing a method to measure the throughput on certain interval of time. Well, I'm still doing it and I'm stuck. I can not seem to get the method working to my preference. Ideas please come to me. MIRAI-SF network simulator has some codes which has similar concept but it is calculater based on how many packets are passed through a node on certain interval.

Free Laptop

Anyone of you want to give their for free? I received forwarded email saying that there is a marketing company in Canada would give an Acer notebook for free. I think have received similar email not so long time ago. All you have to do is register with their web. It's a hoax. Who would want to give a mobile pc for free. Click here!
I bet that website would just want to collect emails so they can spam peoples' inbox with stupid advertisements.

Anyway, my dad is thinking of buying an entry level Acer notebook. I checked the price list at lowyat.net which is quoted at RM 2199 with a Linux OS.

I used to play around with Knoppix which is an OS runs from your CD-ROM drive. You would need at least 256Mbytes of random access memory. Once the OS is loaded, you could access all the partition of Windows's Hard Drive.In addition, you could even connect to the Internet or join the local area network. Cool eh. Go and download the *.iso disk image and burn it onto a cd.

'akashah on the world map

Haha gotcha, I'm still in Malaysia lah!. I was surprised that when I googled and found that `Akashah is located in Northern Sudan, Afrika. Click `Akashah google map. :P

An update of my work. I'm still in the progress implementing a method to measure the throughput of the packets when the 3g base station is transmitting the packets to mobile node. The packets is actually had been traced in the log file. The problem is that I have still have to do some simple script to calculate the throughtput. It would save some time and memory space if I implements directly into the code.

I have some problem with queue. I still thinking how I'm going to integrate the simulator. Right now, I have no idea. I stumbled upon which explained the modelling of queue. I have got time to read it yet.

Broadband BandWagon

Currently, I'm on 512kbps TMnet Streamyx which I pay for RM 66 per month which is quite reasonable compared to the TMnet 1515 dial-up service which can cost a bomb when you go online for 24 hours a day. Not to mention the 56kbps which is extremely slow.

TheStar online reported that Maxis which going to roll out High Speed Broadband for home over its 3G network. TMnet only offers maximun 1Mbps for Home user. I hope Maxis would offer a greater bandwidth than the current TMnet 1 Mbps at a reasoble price. I would be the one to be sign up. Hahaha maybe.

Maxis mentioned the Broadband service will be using HSDPA (High Speed Data Packet Access) technology. Hey, I used to research this topic before I move to Fast Handover for Mobile IP. HSDPA simulation could be simulated using ns-2 extension called EURANE. Back to the topic, So I bet we have to use a wireless Modem not like our TMnet Streamyx modem which connected to normal copper phone line. Cool!

More? Click here

drop tail

It seems I dont really have to implement OVSF tree. I just to need concentrate on queue and simple bandwidth allocation.MIRAI-SF3.1 does not implement any queue in routers, switches and accesspoints. So I think my job would be implementing a drop tail queue that can be integrate in network components.I started off by making a simple queue in two nodes and using the MIRAI-SF3.1 simulator core libraries.Messages are transmiited between the two nodes.

OVSF

I just found out that when the mobile node is trying to connect to the base station. The basestation will allocate a code. This code is allocated from a binary tree called Orthogonal variable spreading factor (OVSF). It is a unique code that allows to differentiate each user on the same resource. It is like two persons talking to each other in a noisy and crowded area. Only the two persons can understand and hear each other because of them has the unique code that have been allocated. The people around of them only hear background noise.

Changes...

I got a new task for my final project. I got to make some change in the current 3G base station and 3G device implementation.

The changes are :-
1) bandwidth for the link between the bs and mobile node
2) the incoming connection from a mobile node will be defer and packet loss or drop will occur.
3) each mobile node is allocated some of the total bandwidth
3) the bandwidth is return when mobile node disconnects from the bs.

How? where? what?

Handover latency

Mana aku nak cari nilai handover latency ni. Aku baru halfway cari kat ts 25 series kat 3gpp.org. aku ada gak cari kat journal dr ieee. so far tak jumpe lagi. argh geram aku..namun usaha harus teruskan.

aku nak jerit kuat2.....arghhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh gerammnya aku.........

Codes...

I have not write something in this blog for a while. So what I did for my project in the last seven days? I have to understand the source code in the simulator in order to make some changes which I dont know where I must changes. As recommended by the developer, I study the SoftRadio class which is responsible in deciding whether it must connect to the WLAN access points or the 3G base station. It is assummed in the simulator the 3G radio will have more coverage than the WLAN. However, WLAN has much bigger bandwidth than the 3G radio. WLAN connection are usually deploy inside a buidling. Both WLAN and 3G are modeled in Java programming language on certain important parameters and less important attributes are omitted out.

I'm currently trying simulate Fast Handover for Mobile IPv6 which can do a vertical handover between WLAN ap and 3G base station using MIRAI-SF simulator. The current version has problem in connecting with the WLAN ap. The developer has decided not to maintain the SoftRadio class but concentrate on developing Media Independant Handover (MIH) for next release of the simulator. The next thing that I have to do is to implement some methods so that bitrate for the 3G link can be set.

So I have managed to identified part of the problem, there are methods inside the WLANRadioDevice class return only null value. The methods does contain any implementation to evaluate a certain scenario. For example, the findAccessPoint method immediately return a null value which cause the SoftRadio class to select the 3G interface most of time. I reckon my next step, is to find out how i can make the SoftRadio class to initiate a WLAN connection using the available package. I thinking using the wlan package which is only availabe in MIRAI-SF. With this package, I can take the advantage of using the IEEE802.11 standard implementation.

Mirai

Yesterday, 13th April I had a meeting with my supervisor. I showed what I had done for the last 1 month. We disscused some problem regarding the simulation using the HS-DSCH transport channel.

So at the end of the meeting, he introduced me a new discrete network simulator called mirai developed by Wireless Applications Group on the Next Generation Mobile Network Project, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT).

So my simulation DiffServ in EURANE core network using HS-DSCH is still pending until I find a solution.

Do you have Path Problems when running Java J2SE 5.0 on PCs. Well click here!

NS-2 Link

Click Here
Click here too

what to do...

Things that I have achieved so far:-
-----------------------------------
1. A simple simulation on DCH channel with DiffServ in the core network. Two UDP sources with constant bit rate traffic are to simulate the VoIP data packets. Throughput at the ssgn which is configure as an edge router are measured in term of Mbps.

Things that I did:-
-------------------
1. Read the Seacorn deliverable D3.2v2.
2. Read thesis on QoS provisioning.
3. Read TS 23.207


Things to do:-
--------------
1.Read 3gpp technical document on End-to-end QoS and HS-DSCH.
2.Find out why simulation on HS-DSCH channel with DiffServ in the core network stop abruptly. It should not have any problem because Diffserv is working on the network layer. Mac-Hs is the important mechanism for HS-DSCH which is on the data link layer.
3. Find some script to analyse the trace file for end-to-end delay and jitter.

Things to do as on 20th March
-----------------------------
1.Read and understand
2.Build some simple simulation scenarios.
Check with 3gpp standard for QoS

Max HSDPA Throughput in EURANE = 1.3Mbps

I think have similar observation of the throughput



Greetings,

I have simulated an HSDPA cell with two UEs but only one active CBR source sending at 4Mbps. The input trace file is the same as the idealtrace but I changed all CQI values to 29 in order to achieve maximum throughput. However, the throughput was saturating at only 1.3Mbps !!
Can someone clarify why? There might be a configuration parameter limiting the number of codes or coding rate??


regards.

AMM

source

TCP Window

The variable "window_" in ns2 corresponds to "awnd" in the literature.
Using this variable you can set an upper bound for the TCP window at the
source. So, if you wish to "set the TCP maximum windows size to 50",
just
set window_ to 50 in your tcl script.
Note that "window_" is binded as "wnd_" in the c++ code
(tcp/tcp.{h,cc}).


source

Had some problem in calculating the throughput from the trace file. Still searching the method to implement flowmon.

I came across posting where it explain that TCP adjust its sending rate when there is a congestion in the link.


TCP adjusts its sending rate using a congestion control algorithm

Take a look at the following paper, it could help you

Van Jacobson, “Congestion Avoidance and Control,” in Proceedings of ACM
Sigcomm’88, Stanford CA, August 1988, 314-329.

Best Regards

Alfredo

---------------------------------------------
Luigi Alfredo Grieco, Ph. D
Assistant Professor
DEE Politecnico di Bari,
Via Orabona 4 - 70125 Bari, Italy
Ph. +39-080-5963301
Fax +39-080-5963410
http://www-ictserv.poliba.it/grieco


-----Messaggio originale-----
Da: ns-users-bounces at ISI.EDU [mailto:ns-users-bounces at ISI.EDU] Per conto
di mehri rajayi
Inviato: martedì 12 aprile 2005 11.11
A: ns ns
Oggetto: [ns] how create tcp connection with spesific rate?



i want to create a tcp connection with ftp traafic sourse, with this
parameter (rate:128Kbps pktsize:1000byte ) but tcp hasn't rate
parameter. I set packetSize_ to 1000 but in trace file PKTsize is equal
40. can you help me.


-source-

Link

Met with the supervisor on 16th March. Wrote a progress report to submit to the supervisor. The report mentioned some literature reviews and preliminary simulation works. Supervisor kind of agreed with the idea and ask to come out with some simulations for the next meeting.

Things to do:
Read and understand.
Build some simple simulation scenarios.
Check with 3gpp standard for QoS


Link

RED again..

I think I solved the problem. Actually it is not a problem.

I think in ns2.28 the paramater "Queue/RED set queue-in-bytes_ true" is set to true by default. In ns2.27, the parameter is set to false by default.

I want the queue size in term of packets. To over ride this just add the following parameter in red.tcl script when using ns228.

"Queue/RED set queue-in-bytes_ false"

I think this is also apply for ns229.

Any reason why we want to monitor the queue in bytes rather than in packest?

Windows reads linux partition...

Click here for the website

Why use simulator ?

Simulation is often based on random events.

Therefore, if you want a real time implementation, then if 2 events are
seperated by minutes, then you would just have to wait. Ns-2 is
event-oriented, and therefore if there is nothing to do between 2
events, then the clock is incremented, and you do not have to wait.

In the other hand, suppose you have a large simulation with a lot of
users. In case a complex treatment has to be done at each user's
equipment, then the computer would have to do it all, with NO real-time
guarantee !

Thirdly, ns-2 is a supported by a whole community, and freely available;
if you can find a real-time simulator please let me know, but I do not
see any.

-source-

VoIP...

Since many VoIP codecs send data at the constant rate, you can use normal UDP/CBR application to simulate VoIP. You have to set appropriate parameters so that the rate and the packet size correspond to the codec you use.

mount hard disk

Click here

RED queue

I have some problem while simulating a simple scenario using 3 TCP sources with RED queue at the bottleneck lick. The tcl script was obtainde for this website. The result that I got is totally different from this document. The queue just grew beyond the limit of 100. The same thing is happening when I rerun the simulation script using UDP protocols under Constant bit rate traffic.

Steps to find the root the problem
1. Recompile ns-2.28 and run the simulation again
2. Run the simulation under ns-2.27
3. Or if this does not work run under ns-2.29
4. Try running the simulation on Fedora

link

link

Finish...

I have completed my exam and waiting for my result to be out. The result will be out in two weeks from now. I hope my cpga will fulfill my graduation requirement. I'm not keen to repeat any paper just to improve my grades.

'akashah on the world map

Haha gotcha, I'm still in Malaysia lah!. I was surprised that when I googled and found that `Akashah is located in Northern Sudan, Afrika. Click `Akashah google map. :P

An update of my work. I'm still in the progress implementing a method to measure the throughput of the packets when the 3g base station is transmitting the packets to mobile node. The packets is actually had been traced in the log file. The problem is that I have still have to do some simple script to calculate the throughtput. It would save some time and memory space if I implements directly into the code.

I have some problem with queue. I still thinking how I'm going to integrate the simulator. Right now, I have no idea. I stumbled upon which explained the modelling of queue. I have got time to read it yet.

Links...

HSDPA validation project
Xavier Dubois's Homepage
Research project
UMTS Forum

Reason

I think why the result of simulation using the UMTS extension did not match the result of simulation using regular ns-2. I set the bandwidth at the core network too big and this did not create any bottleneck.

links...

Click here

real time and non-real time traffic

I confused when the result of two different simulation are not similar. i'm simulating real time traffic and non-real time traffic using UDP contant bit rate (CBR) and exponential respectively.The first simulation is done using the eurane extenstion to ns-2. In this extension, users are allow to create additional nodes (i.e. ue, bs and rnc) that are not defined in the original ns-2. The second simulation is done using the normal nodes defined in the orignal ns-2. For both simulation, I created 2 user equipments, 1 node b, 1 rnc, 1 sgsn, 1 ggsn, 2 nodes, 2 sinks Loss Monitor to measure the UDP bandwindth in Mbit per second. I created a bottle neck between sgsn and ggsn.

The result of the second simulation shows that the the real time traffic will suffer from mixing with non-real time traffics in the link congestion. The result of first simulation does not show any of that. I have set the same bandwidths between each duplex links for both simulation. Is it something do to with sink Loss Monitor or am I not tracing at the correct location?

I'm interested in measuring the throughput at the bottleneck link between sgsn and ggsn.

Anyone has come across any journals or literatures simulating real time traffic and non-real time traffic using UDP?

I got a reply:

The SGSN and GGSN in EURANE are just normal NS-2 nodes. If you placed
the bottleneck there then both simulations would be effected in a
similar way. However the effects of this bottleneck may be negated by
the high throughput possible with the HS-DSCH channel. Without knowing
the data rates of the traffic, and the channel model used for the
HS-DSCH, its difficult to say.

/Neill

Poisson simulation parameters

$Exponential1 set rate_ 384Kb
$Exponential1 set packetSize_ 210
$Exponential1 set burst_time_ 500ms
$Exponential1 set idle_time_ 500ms
$Exponential1 attach-agent $udp1

Is this correct? need to check..hehe

I found a website in order to emulate the poisson process set the burst_time_ to zero.

ns patch for gcc 4.0

Click here

I managed to do a simulation for best effort which consists of real time and non-real time data using UDP protocol. I'm trying to enhanced the script by finding the right simulation parameters.

UMTS Architecture

According to TS 23.101 :"General UTMS Architecture"

UTMS architecture are split to user equipment domain and infrastructure domain.

User Equipment Domain
In layman's term, user equipment is a mobile phone which is to access the infrastructure through the air interface. Air interface is the air space between the mobile phone and the base station.

Infrastructure Domain
It consist of UMTS Terrestial Radio Access network (UTRAN) and core network.

UTRAN
UTRAN is the access network where the user equipment interact with Node B trough the air interface. "The Access Network Domain consists of the physical entities which manage the resources of the access network and provides the user with a mechanism to access the core network domain." The Technical document explained that Access Network Domain which also known as UTRAN consist of the physical entities. Physical entities in UTRAN are the Node B and Radio Network Controller (RNC).

Core Network
"The Core Network Domain consists of the physical entities which provide support for the network features and telecommunication services. The support provided includes functionality such as the management of user location information, control of network features and services, the transfer (switching and transmission) mechanisms for signalling and for user generated information."

patching...

To patch ns2.28 with umts module. First, download the patch from the EURANE website and ns2.28 from ns2 webiste. Untar the eurane patch and ns2.28. In the ns-2.28 directory type patch -p1 < ~/{patchfilename.diff} . After patching is completed, type ./install in the ns-allinone-2.28 directory. Update ns path in bashrc.

Reference

1.

umts links

Click Here...
A tutorial page on how to install ns on cgywin.

Ubuntu vs NS2

I found a guide how to install NS2.28 on Ubuntu. Ubuntu is a Live CD distro where user just pop the cd in the cdrom and start using the OS on booting without any installation. It runs on your computer's Ram. Click Here for the link.

Running through my mind...

I have some questions:-

1. How much bandwidth should I allocate to simulation model to simulate the RAN?
2. What is the packet rate?
3. How do I know that the simulated model is efficient with reference to the normal model?
4. How to proof the modified model is better than the current model?
5. Where can I find the parameters for the current diff serv model for RAN?
6. How do I transform that parameters so that I can use to simulate the model?

Found a new url today. Click here

Null

The null policy is use when all the incoming traffic in the physical queue is put in the a virtual queue without metering and policing.

WFQ Url

Anybody looking for WFQ discipline for DiffServ. Go to Alexander Sayenko's website and download the patch. This patch is for ns2.28 and older. I wonder where i can find the documentation or some examples so i can use the WFQ in my ns script.

Url

Sergio Andreozzi did a master thesis to verify the real experiment conducted in a real DiffServ-enabled IP network with Network Simulator (NS2). He developed and improved the NS2 DiffServ Module and contributed to NS2 community

"The goal of nsBench project is to develop supporting tools that enable creating, analyzing and visualizing NS-2 simulation scripts and traces automatically.nsBench is a drag-and-drop GUI and easy to use in undergraduate and graduate networking courses. nsBench makes NS-2 simulation development and analysis faster and easier for students and researchers without losing the flexibility or expressiveness gained by writing a script."

In other words, users feel like using HTML editor and it is easy to use. User still to have to understand tcl script in order to do the simulation.

Some Useful Links

Some useful links for NS2 users maintained by Chih-Heng, Ke.
UMTS extensions for Network Simulator, ns-2
Downloads
Dazhi Chen's Resources

i'm back

Aloha, it's been a while. I'm back. I hope i can start blogging again.

New...

New module...

I'm now in the new module, 1 week and 14 weeks to go...

I'm registering for transmission and switching and broadband communication

Hijrah...

Selamat Menyambut Awal Muharam.

CNY...

After 3 months of studying, I've completed my 2nd modules(finish my exams). 2 modules more to go. The third module will start on the Valentine's Day after one week of holiday. I'm looking forward this third module. I want to work really hard and excel in the third module. My instinct tells that I'm beginning to see what should I do in attaining my goals. All the best to myself. Make sure your spirit is up every time and anywhere. Let makes this year a succesful one.

Happy Chinese New Year!

Study...

LEsson learned today.Continue wHat ever You have started.. Never look back. All it needs is some patience and effort.

Mixed Feeling...

So the interview is confirmed on Friday. I have mixed feeling about the interview. Suddenly, I felt so scared...God Help me

Laptop...

I want a laptop....hehehe...
Just finished my first paper today...another one paper to go...

Saturday...

Saturday will be a big day for me...Optical Communications.. Yikes

Update...

My interview was postphoned on one tentative date. The reason was that my future boss who is going to interview me will be going on business trips. Phew, I glad the interview was changed. It gives me some load off for next week. I got an extra class tommorow night. Any tips for job interview? If somebody stumbled upon this blog...hahaha

Interview...

I was called for an interview from company. Wish me luck. GOod Luck!

2 weeks...

Aiyoh...2 weeks more...

The Count Down...

Three weeks before the exam starts...

New Year...2005

I want to wish a Happy New Year 2005. My condolence to all the tsunami's victims.

Ubuntu...

Ubuntu...it's an ancient african word which means humanity towards others". It another linux variant. Ubuntu is similar to Knoppix which can run "live" from your cd-rom. Unfortunately, it's a bit dispointing because the player included in Ubuntu can't play the mp3s from my hard disk. I can't setup the network connection to the Internet. The desktop looks clean and simple . It have task bars located at the top and the bottom of the screen.

"You are legally entitled and encouraged to copy, share, and redistribute this CD, for yourself and your friends. Share the spirit of Ubuntu!" taken from the cd cover.

For more information:
Click here!

Mubarak...

I think it's not too late to wish Happy Eid Mubarak although it's already 22th Syawal. Classmate got married yesterday. I went to see The Incredibles for second time. I had pizza for lunch. yummy.

sudo knoppix-installer....

I succeded in installing knoppix on my unused seagate 4Gbytes hard disk. I referred to this online oo to install. Knoppix runs like normal windows. I even installed yahoo messager linux(debian) on knoppix. I don't know the different between debian, red hat linux and bsd. I read in the knoppix.net forum that multiple chat client called GAIM is already in the Knoppix. I tried to log in using the yahoo protocol but failed.

Knoppix...

In the last post, I mentioned about Knoppix. Knoppix is actually operating system that can boot from cd and you can start using it right away. Just like in the dinosour time where MS-Dos is popular. Back then, you have to put in the 5.25 inches thin disc in to drive and boot the MS-Dos. Once the MS-Dos is loaded into memory, you slide in any application program. Everything was in command prompt. Hey, that was 15 years ago. Now, we have cd-rom drive that can read data at 52X, one X is equal to 150kbytes persecond. Computers now are fast and able to launch application quickly. Once knoppix finished loading, you will be greeted by familiar interface like windows. Everything just point and click. This software is FREE!.


You can use OpenOffice which is similar to Microsoft Office but it is free. No need to pay any license. It is compatible with microsof Office Files. In other words, you can open your word document or presentation files and edit in the OpenOffice.There a lot of goodies included in the CD. One example is Mysql for creating your relational database.

Anyway, I managed to connect to internet using my dsl modem. The configuration setting is not that hard. I think it is easier in Windows. First attempt, I used Knoppix 3.6 but failed to log on the internet. I went to Knoppix forum to post my problem. I succeded in my second attempt after using Knoppix 3.4. First, you set the network card configuration. The wizard will ask you for your IP (i.e. the ip for your ethernet card) and your ISP DNS. Then, you set the PPPOE configuration wizard so that you can dial to the server. After these two steps, you are on the internet superhighway. You to set this settings every time you boot with the cd. To avoid doing this, you have to install knoppix on your hard disk.

Go and download your at knoppix.org.

Matlab...

Normalization of the database was today's lecture. The tutorial on ER diagram takes me some time to derive it from the business rule. The next step, was to create the entities in ER diagram using SQL commands. Have to make sure the entities(tables) are link properly using primary key and foreign. Constraints have to be set according to the requirement.

There will be a Matlab programming contest starting on Wednesday, 3rd October till 10th November. Rules of the contest can be found at Matlab Website. Lots of Prizes will be giving away such as T-shirts and stuff. What you waiting for? Come and join now.

Web Surfing...

After Terawih, I sit at my Pc and starts playing Unreal Tournament 2004 online. I went to this server which can accommodate 24 players in one go. As we playing in the small map, everybody was berserk and shooting aimlessly. Well, it was fun because you just go in and shoot till you got somebody.

Today, I found other interesting blog. The blog was written by Mr Adib who has passion in reading and writing. I stumbled upon his blog while surfing idlanzakaria's blog. I like what he wrote about the Ramadhan. He wrote,

"As the age goes up in numbers, our physical stregth goes downwards. A few of my friends( inculding me) regret that we could have done more if we were younger. But when we were younger, we got carried away from doing more ibadah by other worldly attractions and pleasures."

That is true Mr Adib, even myself I managed to do 8 rakaat for the terawih prayer. Suppose, I should try to do 21 rakaat tommorow.

I'm also a regular to Screenshots. What I like about his website. I can grab some information about the current issues ranging from politics, economics and technology. The fact are summarized and referenced.

As I write this blog. I found myself still have no idea to write. May be, I should read more.

6th April...

Is your birthday day 6 of the month?

Yes!

Your Life:

You are generous with people in need, sometimes to an extreme that peoplefind you nosey.

Really! I'm that bad... I dont think I'm not nosy...

Your hidden courage and dedication often surprise others.

Yes! My friends are suprised that I can do something unexpected.

Your imagination is extremely unique.

When I was young .. I can spent hours playing Lego. My imagination just don't seem to stop.

Your LoveYour love life is on the smooth track because it grows from friendship.

I have never been in love before...

Although you may not make a sweet lover but your sincerity bring happinessto your couple.

I hope this is true... I like making people happy.. It makes me happy too.

Kinokuniya...

Oh no! I was late for class. Usually, I will about two hours to drive up to class. I managed to drive 45 minutes less. It rained along the journey in Seremban and Elite Highway.I managed to arrive to class on time. The lecture was interesting and I understand mostly understand what the lecturer taught. I used to take this subject when I was in the undergraduate. All the terms are still fresh in my head. Hope to excel in this paper.

Dr I C dismissed the class at around 6.40pm. I have meeting with my friend of mine in KL. She was kind and helpful enough to buy the textbook. We had roti nan and chicken tandoori . My classmate squeaked and screamed when she saw rat running under table. It is a brown rat and it is big. I wonder why the worker in the restaureant never notice them. At home, I got a mouse running around. Mouse are smaller in size. May be it just a rat but smaller version. Have to find this out. I managed to kill two of them. I'm not going to eat at that restaurant again. In the future, I will not bring anyone to mapley anymore. Better go to fast food restaurant which is more cleaner and cooler. During my years in matriculation centre, My best buddy and I used to walk all the way to the section 14 for the roti Nan using the short cut through the Star newpapers headquarter.

At 9 pm. I sent her back and head home for 100km journey. Make a pit stop at Shell to fill up the petrol.

New semester

After two weeks of exam, I'm now in the second module of the course. This semester, I will be taking optical communications and Software and Database in Telecommunication. The first subject will be taught by 3 lecturers because the course is divided three parts. Each lecturer is responsible for each part. The first part is already finished which took 8 hours of lecture. We were enlightened with the history how was optical communications came about, the basic concepts, and system overview.

Today, I'm in the second week of the module and will be learning Software and Database in Telecommunication. The lectuer mentioned that we will be using some softwares in learning the subject. One of them is Knoppix. Knoppix is operating system just that is based on Linux. The special thing about is Knoppix which can boot from cd. Application like openOffice is included in the CD. It like in the old days where we have to boot the computer with 5 inch diskettes with operating system called MS-DOS. Back then it was boring because syntax command have to be type in and remember.

Technic...

My mom's car has been in and out of the workshop due to engine oil leaking. The problem starts when our favourite mechanic changed the timing belt. It cost over RM 200 and the mechanic mentioned about changing the oil seal around the timing belt (not sure where is it located). I sent the car three time until the problem finally resolved. During this period, the mechanic has changed the water pump, some seals around the engine and seal the top cover of the engine with some kind of sealant. It looks like a bathroom sealant. My mom complained about the mechanic's unsatisfactory service and blamed the mechanic not using the original spare part. The mechanic told that he was using spare part from Japan which is superior that Malaysian sparepart. I suspect he was using 'local' or low quality sparepart for replacement so he can make more money.Luckily, he don't charged for extra service. I don't understand what kind of marketing strategy he used. Perhaps one of his technician not doing the job properly. Our panel mechanic is quite degil or never listen the customer complain. He like to 'ikut' his kepala sendiri. The last time, I complained the rear disc is making funny noises and I told him to replace the brake pads. Instead, he starts his diagnose by checking the brake fluid. Finally, he changed the brake pad after i complained to him again. I drove my mom's car to class. I drive slowly and carefully around 90 to 100 km/h. The journey takes half an hour longer than usual but I feel more relaxed and no so tiring. The advantage of driving slow is that you get to enjoy the lovely green screnery. Palm oil plantation, hydrophonic green houses, rubber plantations, fruit orchards, rest areas and kandang lembu. You also the oppurtinity to see what kind of cars overtake you. In some occasion, a convoy of superbikes will just zoom past you. I would love to ride on of those superbikes.

Hmm..

I found some interesting blog made by Malaysian. Some of them are quite good. I have been blogging for nearly two years. I started it after read my friend's blog. That time I was in 3rd year in my undergraduate. English is my second language and by blogging I hope I will able to improve it. At the same time, to teach myself to expresss my myself in writing.

Tricky...

Phew...the examination questions was tricky...involve lot of analytical skills..7 days b4 the second paper

24 Hours...

Approximately 24 hours before my first paper..tick...tick...tick....

Smartcard...

A day earlier, I receive an email from Admin clerk saying that I should collect the smart card from the Smart Card Centre. Unfortunately, I found out the smart card is not ready but instead I was given a form to filled in and a picture taken. Next time, the title of the should not be " Schedule of smartcard issuance for MEng" . Put something related like "Smart Card Application". They should inform that our picture will taken so that we student can put something nice for the photo. I was surfing the net and found two interesting thing that I would like to share. First, it is about a private company in US succesfully launched a spacecraft that can be used for Space Tourism. I read an article that NASA have conducted a survey and found out that there some people is willing to pay a huge sum to go into space. Gp to this url and check it out. http://msnbc.msn.com/id/6126386?GT1=5100.Second, I found a blog owned by a soldier whos is in Iraq. http://cbftw.blogspot.com/ . Some of entries in his blog are used in magazines and media people. Check it out...it's interesting.I found out that i have forgotten about the Integration by substitution when answering the past year paper. Thank to God i managed to revise it.3 days b4 wireless communication.

An old car

I have a chance to drive an old car. A blue Datsun 120 equipped with lastest car stereo that can play vcd. It was on lend from our Mr Roy the mechanic because our car was on service. The experience driving an old piece of junk , yeah that's right you easily own one just paying RM 300 but have to do some repair to get back into working condition. It might cost RM2000 over and even less. That's a one month salary pay check.First thing that i noticed that the door are usually heavy and creaks when you open it. As my butt sit on the not so comfortable cushion that have been worn for so many years. My eye caught a Sony Stereo which can play everything from cd to vcd. I turned on the radio and the sound was ok. On the road, handling the was so dificullt. It felt like normal car. There is too much engine noise in the cabin and the side mirror vibrates vigourously. The vibration caused the image on the mirror to dance like mad. It need some to get use to it. The journey was smooth with the fifth i managed to do 70 km/h on the meter. I dont dare to push the accelarator further. The steering was a bit wobbly...when move the steering left to right aimlessly, the car wobbles from left to right.

Sediakan Payung Sebelum Hujan...

Sediakan Payung Sebelum Hujan... it's a Malay proverb saying that you should always be prepared before anything happened... In my case, I should be fully prepare for exam by doing some revisin. But no! I not really prepared although I have done the revising the since the first class start. Anyway back to the Malay Proverb, it was good thing that I checked out the weather forecast for Kuala Lumpur and Malacca last night at CNN website. I'm mentally prepared for driving in the rain along the NS highway. It rained when I was on my way to Cyberjaya.Well it did not rain heavily and the traffic was smooth flowing. Did you know that British people like to strike conversation just about the weather. For example, english man would say, ''It's sunny day today eh". Well the reason is the weather over there is quite dull. It always rains and the sky is cloudy especially during autumn and winter. British people dont get sun very often. The only time they get their sun burn or Vitamin D is during summer which is between June to August. During this time of year, the school gets one month vacation and they all become very 'jakun' with sun. They like to bask in the sun like lizards . This is the time they go on holiday.Over in UK, it does not rain heavily like cats and dogs. It rains gerimis-ly or lightly like in Siti Nurhaliza's song. Campurization of language...a term used by my former lecturer. He's a foreigner but married to the local. Ok back to the weather.After the class, the weather was clear and sunny. The journey back was smooth from the Putrajaya Link to the Elite highway heading towards Nilai. Approaching the Seremban, the traffic was bumper to bumper. The traffic was at a crawl. I kept my distance clear to the car infront. It can be tiring shifting the gear and pressing the cluth. The traffic began to clear after the Linggi Exit( I think la...forgot la). Unfortunately, there are many lorries, trailers, tankers, haulers, freighter and not forgetting 'bus ekspress'. The main culprits are the big trailers and tankers that like to overtake other slow moving lorries. It can be dangerous because they changes lane abruptly. Ok enough of grand mother's story.. that what my lecturer like to say.. i dunno why.. The traffic report is brought to you by Kit Kat, Esso, and red bean buns. Burps. Check out the weather forecast before you travel...Cheerio~1 week...b4 first paper

still lazy...

woi kacah...wat's wrong with u...

lazy...

i'm so damn lazy today....muahahahhaa9 days before exam...1 week and 2 days

Trunking...

Yesterday and today, I managed to cover Chapter 3 and 4 by reading the text book and lecture's notes (similar to the text but a bit short...just abit..haha). Lecture's notes are the best way to study because it stress what keywords to remember. Dr L has made effort by underlining all the important keyword in his slide or notes. Too much reading is not good too...so what i did was to do some questions from the text book and past year paper.Need to work hard....Come on...you can do it...keep it up..keep urself motivated...Ah yes..mermaid called me last nite...while i was busy slaying people ...in the Unreal Tournament 2004 game....in multiplayer mode........this much faster pace than the halo game..halo halo..ahahaYikes...10 days more...wireless communication

Leaking Oil...

Apparently my mom's car is leaking engine oil...every now and then you would see some blob of oil on the floor. I went to Roy the Mechanic where I did the oil change once a month. He could not pin point the problem...ehehe the engine is dirty covered with slime, dirt, grease and oil. He needs to clean it up before locating the source of leakage.I hit the curb in front of clinic's parking lot. Luckily only a minor damage, the metal thing that use for towing got bang with the curb. A different doctor was on duty and he was nice and friendly. I quickly pointed out to him to make sure that he gave a stronger antibiotic because I am in the early stage of fever. Instead he gave me the same pinky colour antibiotic which i got the last visit to this clinic. I got a cough syrup, panadol (paracetamol) and white running nose pills.1 2 3...oh i couting the days...hehe 11 days to go...argh...

Achooo....

Got any tissue ?....12days before first paper...n counting...

Blamk...

I think my problem when reading some academic stuff will makes me want to sleep. I tend to go through the words fast and sometimes my mind begin wander to far away land. Hmm.. how to solve this problem eh? One more thing that I found that i have to read many times before i can understand...Today, Dr L is going talk abit about the asignment and this is his second time. All the class that I have attended, I think this is the first time I really interact with Dr L. I was asking many questions and my lecturer tries his best to answer them so that I can understand him. To be frankly, I only understand 50% what he have said. Exam paper will carry more weight which 70% of total mark and the asignment is 20%. I have to plan my strategy well. Do the past year paper and the tutorial. Understand as much as possible. The weather was hot and dry. It rained later in the afternoon because after class the sky looks cloudy. The traffic was heavy on the way back from nilai to seremban exit. I got running nose and sore throaat. I hope that I wil not come down with a fever or flu.13 days before Wireless Communication

It is Optional...

Thursday...Hmm my day start off with helping my dad calculating Willingness to Pay (WTP) formula, do some scanning (ocr), and making tables. I spent two hours on it. These work should have done by his 4 master students. Since they trying to finish their master's thesis at very last minute. My dad's has to play a role in analyzing their survey data. He spent 3 days do it and put all his work on hold. These student of his are working people. They should be more professional and responsible for their master. Somebody is doing all their work and all what do is taking things for granted. They are not willing to sacrifice. They came all the way from JB and bring along their wife and kids to my house. Their husbands was busy their thesis and discussion. Their wife and kids was sitting like a duck in the living room and staring into empty spaces for hours. What wrongs with these people. Their husband should have known better. They should drop their wife and kids some where like in the shopping comples or theme park. Anyway, back to my dad's thingy. My dad said he will be home by 10. He got home around 10 and continue his student work. Then, he accussed me of deleting one files. He became panic and he was really mad of me. I said I didnt delete anything or modify anything. Later on, I found that there are two files with the same file name but both of the file was in the different location. In fact, the file he was using all these while was on the desktop but he open a file with same file name from My document. Pheww, what a relieve. All I want to say is because of these irresponsible student of his student. My dad and I got into a fight.Shessh..

Halo...Echo...

What's wrong with me for the past 3 days, I was in the mess. I got many things to do and dont know which one to do it. I end up doing the each of the task. I managed to do the part B of Network Management ( 80% to go). Matlab asingment? Yikes..err...I'm not going to look at it for the time being. I think I better concentrate for Network Management first because the due date is on 30 Sept. Halo halo halo...muahahaha..I installed and this uninstalled for quite number of times. I'm addicted to the multiplayer mode. Last night what i did was to uninstall the game and delete the setup file as well. Later on, I found out that I'm downloading the setup file again..hahaha..Thank God..the process was slow and I'm cancelled it. Phew. Otherwise, I will be wasting my time playing that game.I woke up late today. My subuh was subuh gajah..hahaha.

Good Morning...

I woke up early this morning, right after my subuh,
Dr D makes full use of the 5 hours by giving out lecture and tutorial. It was on GPMO but i cant remember what is all about. Guess, I have to revise it later.
on the way back home, I was caught in heavy rain along the North South Highway. Lightning kept on flashing blinding my vision. The visibility was low and the wiper wasnt fast enough to clear all the water. Everyone turn on the harzard light and the traffic was at a crawl. I have to keep alert on the time and this is tiring

Yesterday...

What happened yesterday?
Ok let's rewind....

My class was cancelled due to technical problem. The technical problems was the lecture room was lock, air was out and the computer didnt work. Sheeshh...I travelled 100 km for the lecture and the lecture was cancelled.
finally, i get to reach home early.

Mission Accomplish...

Muahahaa... pat on the back... today is a productive day for me... Manage to concentrate for 3 hours in front on my pc doing the part d of my asignment which is 'leceh'. The task was to summarize or simplify the Secure Hashing Algorithm 1 (SHA1)from rfc3174 which is a technical document. Give some examples in the form tables or diagram so the lecturer can understand better.
The first time I look it...i was like asking myself , "WHAT? WhAt boringggggg". Finally, I went through it slowly and able to undertand the content of the document.
I sent my red car to the air cond workshop. The switch to turn on the fan was broken. The apek in the mechanice manage to get it working without replacing for a brand new switch.. Fuhhh( wipe sweat in the forehead)....This is my 2nd visit with same problem. No third visit...i hope..

Halo Again...

Muahahaha...i installed back Halo..the game was awesome but i got killed many times. Today, I gonna do part D which is the last part of the asignment. Which will it be? HMAC...SHA1...or MD5. What are those? this is encryption technique using hashing algorithm. My task is to pick one and understand the algorithm or the procedure. Write a report using some examples to illustrate the encryption method.
Ok i chose SHA1 because the rfc document comes some examples...but i'm stuck in the implementation.. God help me please...

Bye Bye...Halo

I decide to uninstall the Halo game because I kinda like addicted to it. Everytime I switch on the computer, I play game. I play in online multiplayer mode. I managed to get the part c of the Network Management asignment done. I want to print it and reviewed any errors that i have mande. I used the MIB editor to the MIB using SMIv2 standard. It some sort like html editor but this editor for writing MIB. The asignment ask to do a MIB for car. Perhaps in the future cars also given an IP address and can be connected to Internet. I think you could control remotelythe devices in the car for example headlight, car stereo or see through camera. All the father out there, now u can monitor how your children drive the car. Currently, i heard that all phone will be assign IP address because of the 3G thingy. Interesting isnt it?...

Halo...

Halo! Halo! A cool game first person shoot em up from microsoft..wah so cool lah! The gameplay is easy...just like Quake...unreal tournament. I tried the online multiplayer where i can fly, drive and walk shooting the other guys from other part of the world. Well i had fun. I was so frustated after staring hours at Matlab coding and figuring how to the asignment. It's kinda like reverse engineering. I have to understand how the programme works...I have enough of it for tonight..The progress? hahaha..only one..yes only one folks..muahahaa...today i know how my lecturer stores the values of the transmitted signal as well as the 3D array where he stores all the values of the parameters in the data structure...HEH too long eh...and bad grammar...keke

Running Shoes...

Power Running shoes made from special material that will absorbs the impact energy every time your foot touches the ground.Pick up your phone and dial the toll free number now. I will be waiting to take your order. Hey people out there! I bought a Power Running shoes to replace my old Adidas sneakers.

Hmm I still look chubby even though i jog every day and the bulge in my stomach is still there. Oh what the hell, the most important thing i take the effort to jog before i get even fatter...hahaha